Description
Principle of the Assay::The Mouse GPNMB ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kit is an in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitative measurement of Mouse GPNMB in Cell Culture Supernatants, Serum, Plasma. This assay employs an antibody specific for Mouse GPNMB coated on a 96-well plate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and GPNMB present in a sample is bound to the wells by the immobilized antibody. The wells are washed and biotinylated anti-Mouse GPNMB antibody is added. After washing away unbound biotinylated antibody, HRP-conjugated streptavidin is pipetted to the wells. The wells are again washed, a TMB substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of GPNMB bound. The Stop Solution changes the color from blue to yellow, and the intensity of the color is measured at 450 nm.
Background/Introduction: Transmembrane glycoprotein NMB is a protein that is encoded by the GPNMB gene. In osteoblast progenitor cells, GPNMB works as a positive regulator of osteoblast differentiation during later stages of matrix maturation and mineralization that is mediated at least in part by BMP-2 in a SMAD1 dependent manner to promote osteoblast differentiation. GPNMB can enhance the repairing process in bone fracture, demonstrated by its high expression during chondrogenesis (soft callus) and osteogenesis (hard callus) compared to the intact femurs that is why Osteoactivin (OA) could be a novel therapeutic agent used to treat generalized osteoporosis or localized osteopenia during fracture repair by stimulating bone growth and regeneration. Similarly, GPNMB expression increases during osteoclast differentiation and it is functionally implicated in this process, possibly by promoting the fusion of osteoclast progenitor cells